| Glossing tag | Tag description | Gloss class | GOLD reference |
|---|
| ABES | abessive 'without' | Case | AbessiveCase |
| ABL | ablative 'from' | Case | AblativeCase |
| ABS | absolutive | Case | AbsolutiveCase |
| ACC | accusative | Case | AccusativeCase |
| ACTV | active voice | Voice | ActiveVoice |
| ADES | adessive 'at', 'near' | Case | AdessiveCase |
| AGT | agent | Semantic Role | agent |
| ALL | allative | Case | AllativeCase |
| ANIM | animate | Animacy | AnimateGender |
| ACAUS | anti-causative | Diathesis | AntiCausativeVoice |
| APASS | anti-passive | Diathesis | AntiPassiveVoice |
| APPL | applicative | Diathesis | ApplicativeVoice |
| ASP | aspect - underspecified | Aspect | AspectProperty |
| AUX | auxiliary(morpheme) | Tense | Auxiliary |
| BEN | benefactive | Case | BenefactiveCase |
| CASE | case marker - underspecified | Case | CaseProperty |
| CAUS | causative | Diathesis | CausativeVoice |
| CLITv | cliticized verb | Cliticization | Clitic |
| CLITadv | cliticized adverb | Cliticization | Clitic |
| CLITp | cliticized preposition | Cliticization | Clitic |
| CLITdet | cliticized determiner | Cliticization | Clitic |
| CLITn | cliticized noun | Cliticization | Clitic |
| CLITpron | cliticized pronoun | Cliticization | Clitic |
| FUTclose | close future | Tense | CloseFutureTense |
| COMIT | comitative | Case | ComitativeCase |
| COMPL | complement | Grammatical Function | Complement |
| CMPL | The completive refers to a single event that has been successfully completed. | Aspect | CompletiveAspect |
| COND | conditional mood may be marked on events that are conditioned | Mood/Modality | ConditionalModality |
| CONT | continuous | Aspect | ContinuousAspect |
| CONTL | contlative | Case | ContlativeCase |
| CV | converb | Verb Form | Converb |
| COP | copular | | Copula |
| DAT | dative | Case | DativeCase |
| DECL | declarative | Force | DeclarativeForce |
| DEL | delative 'down from' | Case | DelativeCase |
| N>N | noun derivation | Derivation | DerivationalMorpheme |
| DIM | diminutive | Derivation | DiminutiveSize |
| DO | direct object | Grammatical Function | directObject |
| DISTRIB | distributive | Aspect | DistributiveAspect |
| DU | dual | Number | DualNumber |
| DUR | durative | Aspect | DurativeAspect |
| ELAT | elative 'out of' | Case | ElativeCase |
| ERG | ergative | Case | ErgativeCase |
| EXPLET | expletive - an element that is added without changing the sense of the expression | | Expletive |
| FEM | feminine | Gender | FeminineGender |
| 1P | 1st person | Person Number | FirstPerson |
| 1SG | 1st person singular | Person Number | FirstPerson |
| 1excl | 1st person exclusive | Person Number | FirstPersonExclusive |
| 1incl | 1st person inclusive | Person Number | FirstPersonInclusive |
| FT | foot | PhonemeProperty | Foot |
| FREQ | frequentive | Aspect | FrequentiveAspect |
| FUT | future | Tense | FutureTense |
| GEN | genitive | Case | GenitiveCase |
| GER | gerund | Verb Form | Gerund |
| GOAL | goal | Semantic Role | goal |
| HAB | habitual | Aspect | HabitualAspect |
| HUM | human | Animacy | HumanGender |
| ILL | illative 'into' | Case | IllativeCase |
| FUTim | immediate future | Tense | ImmediateFutureTense |
| IMP | imperative | Force | ImperativeForce |
| IMP2 | imperative | Force | ImperativeForce |
| IMP1 | imperative | Force | ImperativeForce |
| IPFV | The imperfective is often marked in a perfective-imperfective aspect system. | Aspect | ImperfectiveAspect |
| INANIM | inanimate | Animacy | InanimateGender |
| INCEP | inceptive | Aspect | InceptiveAspect |
| IND | indicative is a realis form | Mood/Modality | IndicativeMood |
| OBJind | indirect object | Grammatical Function | indirectObject |
| INESS | inessive 'inside' | Case | InessiveCase |
| INSTR | instrumental | Case | InstrumentalCase |
| INT | interrogative | Force | InterrogativeForce |
| INTR | interrogative | Force | InterrogativeForce |
| itr | intransitive | Verb Form | IntransitiveVerb |
| >Vitr | intransitivizer | Derivation | Intransitivizer |
| IRR | The irrealis forms express that something is actually not the case | Mood/Modality | IrrealisMood |
| ITER | iterative | Aspect | IterativeAspect |
| LOC | locative | Space | LocativeCase |
| MASC | masculine | Gender | MasculineGender |
| MOD | default Mood /Modality tag | Mood/Modality | MoodProperty |
| FUTnear | near future | Tense | NearFutureTense |
| NEG | negation | | NegationOperator |
| NEGPOL | negative polarity | Polarity | NegativePolarity |
| NEUT | neuter | Gender | NeuterGender |
| NUM>N | noun derived from a numeral | Derivation | Nominalizer |
| NMLZ | nominalizer | Derivation | Nominalizer |
| NOM | nominative | Case | NominativeCase |
| NF | non-future | Tense | NonFutureTense |
| NFUT | non-future | Tense | NonFutureTense |
| NPAST | non-past | Tense | NonPastTense |
| STAT | stative | Aspect | NonProgressiveAspect |
| OBJ | object | Grammatical Function | Object |
| OM | object marker | Grammatical Function | Object |
| OBL | oblique | Case | ObliqueCase |
| OPT | optative mood/modality expresses wishes and commands | Mood/Modality | OptativeMood |
| PTCP | participle | Verb Form | Participle |
| PRTV | partitive | Case | PartitiveCase |
| PASS | passive | Diathesis | PassiveVoice |
| PAST | past perceived as a whole | Tense | PastTense |
| PFV | The perfective is often marked in a perfective-imperfective aspect system. | Aspect | PerfectiveAspect |
| PRF | perfect | Aspect (Tense) | PerfectTense |
| PERL | perlative | Case | PerlativeCase |
| PL | plural | Number | PluralNumber |
| POSPOL | positive polarity | Polarity | PositivePolarity |
| POSS | possessive | Case | PossessedCase |
| PRED | predicative | Verb Form | Predicator |
| PRES | present | Tense | PresentTense |
| PROG | progressive | Aspect | ProgressiveAspect |
| PROH | prohibitive is a mood/modality similar to a negative imperative | Mood/Modality | ProhibitiveMood |
| RLS | realis moods indicate that something is, or is not the case | Mood/Modality | RealisMood |
| RECP | reciprocal | Co-reference | ReciprocalMiddleVoice |
| FUTrel | relative future | Tense | RelativeFutureTense |
| FUTrm | remote future | Tense | RemoteFutureTense |
| REP | repetitive | Aspect | Repetitive |
| 2p | 2nd person | Person Number | SecondPerson |
| PHMN | phenomenon | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| CRR | carrier | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| IDNF | identified | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| VBG | verbiage | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| RCVR | receiver | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| TGT | target | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| INDC | inducer | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| SSR | senser | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| BHV | behaver | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| ATTR | attribute | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| INI | initiator | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| SCP | scope | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| CLT | client | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| RCPNT | recipient | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| ACT | actor | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| PSSEE | possessee | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| PSSOR | possessor | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| PT | patient | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| TH | theme | Semantic Role | SemanticAssignmentSystem |
| SYR | sayer | Semantic Role | SematicAssignmentSystem |
| SEMF | semelfactive | Aspect | SemelfactiveAspect |
| SG | singular | Number | SingularNumber |
| SBJ | subject | Grammatical Function | subject |
| SM | subject marker | Grammatical Function | subject |
| CONJ | conjunctive mood occurs in dependent sentences | Mood/Modality | SubjunctiveMood |
| SBJV | subjunctive occurs in dependent clauses | Mood/Modality | SubjunctiveMood |
| 3P | 3rd person | Person Number | ThirdPerson |
| 3SG | 3rd person singular | Person Number | ThirdPerson |
| RT | relative tone | PhonemeProperty | Toneme |
| MT | mid tone | PhonemeProperty | Toneme |
| H | high tone | PhonemeProperty | Toneme |
| L | low tone | PhonemeProperty | Toneme |
| >Vtr | transitivizer | Derivation | Transitivizer |
| N>V | denominal verb | Derivation | Verbalizer |
| vbl | verbal | Derivation | Verbalizer |
| VOC | vocative | Case | VocativeCase |
| INDEF | indefinite-the referent of the expression is said to be not identifiable | Reference | no match |
| DEF | definite-the referent of an expression is identifiable | Reference | no match |
| PPOSTstem | postposition stem | MorphForm | no match |
| SLCT | selected | Dependency | no match |
| 2SG | 2nd person singularsecond person, singular - this is a mixed category | Person Number | no match |
| V>Nagt | deverbal agentive noun | Derivation | no match |
| V>Ninstr | deverbal instrumental noun | Derivation | no match |
| ORN | ornative | Case | no match |
| PLassc | plural associative | Person Numbern | no match |
| 10 | Bantu noun class 10 | Noun Class | no match |
| sBEN | self benefactive | Semantic Role | no match |
| 11 | Bantu noun class 11 | Noun Class | no match |
| 16 | Bantu noun class 16 | Noun Class | no match |
| 3 | Bantu noun class 3 | Noun Class | no match |
| 4P | 4th person | Person Number | no match |
| 7 | Bantu noun class 7 | Noun Class | no match |
| 9 | Bantu noun class 9 | Noun Class | no match |
| K2 | German subjuncitve | Mood/Modality | no match |
| QUOT | quotation - It is signaled that someone else is the source of a statement | | no match |
| AOR | aorist is a verb form that renders as situation as being simple and undevided (attested for Ancient Greek) | Tense | no match |
| 3PL | 3rd person plural - a mixed category | Person Number | no match |
| 2PL | 2nd person plural - a mixed category | Person Number | no match |
| AGR | agreement - a formal relationship whereby one form of a formative requires a corresponding form in another formative | Agreeement | no match |
| IDNFR | indentifier | Semantic Role | no match |
| VAL | value | Semantic Role | no match |
| TKN | token | Semantic Role | no match |
| ATTBT | attributor | Semantic Role | no match |
| ASSR | assigner | Semantic Role | no match |
| EXST | existent | Semantic Role | no match |
| MED | medium | Semantic Role | no match |
| RG | range | Semantic Role | no match |
| BENE | beneficiary | Semantic Role | no match |
| DST | distance | Space | no match |
| PLC | place | Space | no match |
| CAT1 | catena 1 - a type of dependency chain | Dependency | no match |
| CAT2 | catena 2 - a type of a dependency chain | Dependency | no match |
| CAT3 | catena 3 - a type of a dependency chain | Dependency | no match |
| PURP | purpose | | no match |
| 17 | Bantu noun class 17 | Noun Class | no match |
| 4 | Bantu noun class 4 | Noun Class | no match |
| 6 | Bantu noun class 6 | Noun Class | no match |
| OBLIG | obligatory mood/modalities express an obligation | Mood/Modality | no match |
| CONTP | contemporative is a mood in Greenlandic | Mood/Modality | no match |
| K1 | German subjunctive | Mood/Modality | no match |
| PERM | permissive mood/modality expresses that something is allowed | Mood/Modality | no match |
| JUSS | jussive mood/modality indicates wishes, desires, intensions; sometimes also purpose | Mood/Modality | no match |
| AFFMT | affirmative mood/modality occurs often in contrast to negation | Mood/Modality | no match |
| POT | potential mood/modality indicates probability : in the opinion of the speaker the event is considered likely | Mood/Modality | no match |
| MEAS | measure | | no match |
| S-OP | sentence operator | | no match |
| TEL | telic event | Aspect | no match |
| ATEL | atelic event | Aspect | no match |
| MASS | mass (nouns, adjectives ...) | | no match |
| VEN | venitive - verbal deixis - moving towards a location or the speaker | Deixis | no match |
| ITV | itive - verbal deixis - moving away from a location or the speaker | Deixis | no match |
| RLN | relational | | no match |
| DEM | demonstrative - used to indicate the referents spatial, temporal or discourse location | Reference | no match |
| HRT | hortative | Mood/Modality | no match |
| ORD>N | noun derived from an ordinal number | Derivation | no match |
| CARD>N | noun derived from a cardinal number | Derivation | no match |
| QUANT>N | noun derived from a quantifier | Derivation | no match |
PNposs| noun derived from a possessive pronoun | Derivation | no match | |
| MASCorFEM | common gender | Gender | no match |
| MASCorNEUT | common gender | Gender | no match |
| INFIX | infix | | no match |
| INTSin | intensiver (increase) | | no match |
| INTSde | intensiver (decrease) | | no match |
| COM | comment | Theme Rheme | no match |
| EMPH | emphatic - a part of the utterance is especially stressed | InformationStructure | no match |
| FOC | focus | InformationStructure | no match |
| SUBOR | subordination | Dependency | no match |
| PC | pronominal concord | Agreement | no match |
| CLITloc | locative clitic | Cliticization | no match |
| CLITprtv | partitive clitic | Cliticization | no match |
| CLITben | benefactive clitic | Cliticization | no match |
| OBJappl | applied object | Cliticization | no match |
| CLITcomp | cliticized complementizer | Cliticization | no match |
| 13 | Bantu noun class 13 | Noun Class | no match |
| 15 | Bantu noun class 15 | Noun Class | no match |
| 18 | Bantu noun class 18 | Noun Class | no match |
| 2 | Bantu noun class 2 | Noun Class | no match |
| 21 | Bantu noun class 21 | Noun Class | no match |
| 22 | Bantu noun class 22 | Noun Class | no match |
| 23 | Bantu noun class 23 | Noun Class | no match |
| 5 | Bantu noun class 5 | Noun Class | no match |
| 8 | Bantu noun class 8 | Noun Class | no match |
| ASSOC | associative (connective in Bantu also called genitive or connexive)
| | no match |
| A | agent like argument of a canonical transitive verb | Semantic Role | no match |
| ANTIP | antipassive | | no match |
| CLITen | enclitic (Bantu) | Cliticization | no match |
| CONSEC | consecutive | | no match |
| 1PL | 1st person plural | Person Number | no match |
| 2HML | addressee-humble | Respect | no match |
| 2HON | addressee-honorific | Respect | no match |
| 3Pobv | 3 person obviative | Person Number | no match |
| 3Pprox | 3 person proximative | Person Number | no match |
| ABB | abbreviation | | no match |
| ADJ>ADV | deadjectival adverb | Derivation | no match |
| ADJ>V | deadjectival verb | Derivation | no match |
| ANT | anterior | Tense | no match |
| APPROX | approximate | Deixis | no match |
| ASRT | assertive | Force | no match |
| ATT | attributive | | no match |
| CESSIVE | cessative=egressive | Aspect | no match |
| CIRCM | circumscribe | Space | no match |
| CMPR | comparative | | no match |
| CO-EV | co-event | | no match |
| VIAL | vialis | Case | no match |
| VIAPNT | viapoint | Space | no match |
| V>N | deverbal noun | Derivation | no match |
| Vstem | verbal stem | Verb Form | no match |
| W | weak | Agreement | no match |
| x | multiply by (used in number systems) | Number | no match |
| V>ADJ | deverbal adjective | Derivation | no match |
| TOP | topic | Theme Rheme | no match |
| TER | terminalis | Case | no match |
| SUP | superlative | | no match |
| STARTPNT | startpoint | Space | no match |
| ST | strong | Agreement | no match |
| SRC | source | Semantic Role | no match |
| ADD | additive (also) | Aspect | no match |
| ADJ>N | deadjectival noun | Derivation | no match |
| GERDV | gerundive | Verb Form | no match |
| V>ADV | deverbal adverb | Derivation | no match |
| CL | Bantu noun class | Noun Class | no match |
| 1 | Bantu noun class 1 | Noun Class | no match |
| 12 | Bantu noun class 12 | Noun Class | no match |
| 14 | Bantu noun class 14 | Noun Class | no match |
| 20 | Bantu noun class 20 | Noun Class | no match |
| EVID | evidential is a realis mood or modality based on what the speaker has experienced | Mood/Modality | no match |
| SPTL | spatial | Space | no match |
| SC | small clause | Grammatical Function | no match |
| RPS | reported speech | Force | no match |
| COMM | common gender | Gender | no match |
| REFL | reflexive | | no match |
| PS | pause | Speech | no match |
| PROX | proximal | Deixis | no match |
| PASThst | hesternal past: yesterday or earlier but not remote | Tense | no match |
| PASTim | very recent, in the last minute or so | Tense | no match |
| PASTpast | past in the past | Tense | no match |
| PASTrel | relative past | Tense | no match |
| PATH | path | Space | no match |
| PNCT | punctual | Aspect | no match |
| CTed | contained | Space | no match |
| DEST | destinative 'to' | Case | no match |
| DIR | directional | Space | no match |
| OBJ2 | second object | Grammatical Function | no match |
| objcogn | cognate object | Grammatical Function | no match |
| Npref | noun prefix | Noun Class | no match |
| landmark | proper nouns indicating landmarks | Noun Ontology | no match |
| PART | part-of | Relation | no match |
| HON | honorific | Respect | no match |
| ENDPNT | endpoint | Space | no match |
| LINE | line | Space | no match |
| EXT | exterior | Space | no match |
| MNR | manner | Motion | no match |
| MO | motion | Motion | no match |
| MU | marked use | Speech | no match |
| ASS | associativity: x and a group of people | | no match |
| CONS | consecutive verb marking | Akan | no match |
| !H | downstep high | PhonemeProperty | no match |
| INCOMPL | incomplete=imperfective | Aspect | no match |
| EGR | egressive | Aspect | no match |
| DYN | dynamic | Aspect | no match |
| INGR | ingressive | Aspect | no match |
| INTS | intensive | Aspect | no match |
| IV | initial vowel (Bantu) | Bantu | no match |
| FV | verb-final vowel (Bantu) | Bantu | no match |
| EQT | equative | Case | no match |
| ESS | essive | Case | no match |
| LAT | lative | Case | no match |
| MALF | malfactive | Case | no match |
| DXS | deixis | Deixis | no match |
| MEDIAL | medial | Deixis | no match |
| EXCL | exclamative | Force | no match |
| MAVM | main clause affirmative | Force | no match |
| GNR | generic | | no match |
| DM | discourse marker | Speech | no match |
| Q | question | Force | no match |
| ICV | inherent complement verb (Akan) | Grammatical Function | no match |
| TTL | title (Mr., Dr.) | Respect | no match |
| PASTrm | remote past | Tense | no match |
| INCH | inchoative | Aspect | no match |
| REL | relative | | no match |
| STR | strong | Agreement | no match |
| DIST | distal 'remote' | Deixis | no match |
| DIST2 | far distal | Deixis | no match |
| PRSTV | persistive aspect | Aspect | no match |
| PRET | preterite - simple past tense with no additional marking of aspect or mood | Tense | no match |
| SGbare | bare singular (e.g. used in Norwegian) | Reference | no match |
| INTER | interior | Space | no match |
| N>ADJ | denominal adjective | Derivation | no match |
| REDP | reduplication - root or stem (or part of those) are repeated | MorphForm | no match |
| DIR-SP | direct speech | Force | no match |
| RP-SP | reported speech | Force | no match |
| IND-SP | indirect speech | Force | no match |
| SUPN | supinum 'infinitival verb form | Verb Form | no match |
| KIN | kinship | Derivation | no match |
| ? | annotator uncertainty | | no match |
| EXP | experiencer | Semantic Role | no match |
| SPECF | specific | Reference | no match |
| RESLT | resultative | Aspect | no match |
| ATV | activated | Cognitive Status | no match |
| INFOC | in focus | Cognitive Status | no match |
| FAM | familiar | Cognitive Status | no match |
| UNID | uniquely identified | Cognitive Status | no match |
| RFTL | referential | Cognitive Status | no match |
| TPID | type identifiable | Cognitive Status | no match |
| AUG | augmentative | Derivation | no match |
| DEG | degree | | no match |
| PRL | perlative (through, along) | Space | no match |
| 3B | 3rd person b-marked | Person Number | no match |
| 3Y | 3rd person y-marked | Person Number | no match |
| AD | adverbial-derivational | Derivation | no match |
| AREAL | areal | Person Number | no match |
| CLF | classifier | Verb Class | no match |
| CNJ | conjugation | Verb Class | no match |
| CON | conative | Aspect | no match |
| CUST | customary | Aspect | no match |
| INCORP | incorporate | Derivation | no match |
| QUAL | qualifier | Derivation | no match |
| N>ADV | denominal adverb | Derivation | no match |
| PTCP>ADJ | departicipial adjective | Derivation | no match |
| ADJstem | adjective stem | MorphForm | no match |
| ABSTR | increase in abstractness | | no match |
| CONTR | contrastive | | no match |
| LOCREL | attached to a place | | no match |
| OBJv1 | object of V1 | Dependency | no match |
| OBJv2 | object of V2 | Dependency | no match |
| θSBJv1=θSBJv2 | control | Dependency | no match |
| SBJv1=θOBJv2 | passiv | Dependency | no match |
| SBJv1=θSBJv2 | raising | Dependency | no match |
| SELCT | selected | Dependency | no match |
| PRIV | privative "without", "lacking" - like the abessive indicates the lacking of the noun marked | Case | no match |
| oBEN | other person benefactive | Semantic Role | no match |
| Nstem | noun stem | MorphForm | no match |
| NCOMPL | non-completive | Aspect | no match |
| INF | infinitive - is a verb form that occurs without inflectional categories such as agreement or tense, aspect, mood | Verb Form | no match |
| ADV>ADJ | deadverbial adjective | Derivation | no match |